208-223 Liquid Products and Membrane Technology

The objective of this subject is to develop the student's ability to:

• describe the theoretical and practical aspects of processing liquid dairy products, non dairy products and dairy desserts;

• implement the practice of processing and packaging liquid milk products, non-dairy products and dairy desserts;

• describe customer requirements and adjust procedures to various product applications for liquid milk products;

• identify possible causes of defects in the finished product and recommend action to minimise these defects;

• state the legal requirements determining processing and composition of the finished product;

• explain the interaction of chemical, microbiological, nutritional and engineering factors in affecting end product quality;

• become familiar with the terminology for membrane processes and technology;

• understand the principles underlying membrane separation technologies;

• identify major applications for the processes in the dairy food industry;

• describe the manufacturing process of various products made using one or more membrane technologies;

• understand the cleaning and sanitation requirements for the membrane technology equipment and its accessories; and

• evaluate the scope for various membrane processes in treating various streams including the treatment of waste streams.

The content includes market and customer requirements; formulations of products; heat treatment; packaging and handling milk and cream products; cleaning and sanitation; quality control and assurance; principles of ultra heat treatment; specific UHT products; selection and preparation of milk or milk products; homogenisation; dairy desserts; membrane terminology; membrane materials and modules; classification of membrane processes; application of membrane processes; factors affecting the performance of membrane systems; fouling of membrane systems; demineralisation technologies; manufacture of dairy products using membrane technologies; cleaning and sanitation of membrane systems; and other applications of membrane technologies such as those in waste treatment.

Two 2-hour examinations (40%); practical report (20%).